Nginx

server{
    listen 80 default_server;
    server_name blog.tyokyo320.com;
    return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;


}

server{
    listen 443 ssl;
    server_name blog.tyokyo320.com;

    # ssl_certificate -- Specifies public key
    ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/blog.crt;
    # ssl_certificate_key -- Specifies private key
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/blog.key;

    location / {
        root /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index index.html index.html;
    }

}

# 全局块（main context）
user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;

# events块
events {
    worker_connections 1024;
    use epoll;
    multi_accept on;
}

# http块
http {
    # http全局配置
    include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type application/octet-stream;

    # server块（虚拟主机配置）
    server {
        listen 80;
        server_name example.com;

        # location块（请求路由配置）
        location / {
            root /usr/share/nginx/html;
            index index.html;
        }

        location /api {
            proxy_pass http://backend;
        }
    }
}

events {
    # 每个worker进程的最大连接数
    worker_connections 1024;

    # 使用高效的事件模型（Linux推荐epoll，FreeBSD推荐kqueue）
    use epoll;

    # 一个worker进程可以同时接受多个新连接
    multi_accept on;

    # 使用互斥锁方式序列化accept（默认off）
    accept_mutex off;
}

http {
    # MIME类型定义
    include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type application/octet-stream;

    # 字符集
    charset utf-8;

    # 日志格式
    log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                    '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                    '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
    access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;

    # 优化文件传输
    sendfile on;
    tcp_nopush on;
    tcp_nodelay on;

    # 连接超时设置
    keepalive_timeout 65;
    keepalive_requests 100;

    # 客户端请求限制
    client_max_body_size 20m;
    client_body_timeout 60s;
    client_header_timeout 60s;

    # Gzip压缩
    gzip on;
    gzip_vary on;
    gzip_min_length 1024;
    gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/javascript;
}

server {
    # 监听端口和地址
    listen 80;
    listen [::]:80;  # IPv6
    listen 443 ssl http2;  # HTTPS with HTTP/2

    # 虚拟主机名称（支持通配符和正则）
    server_name example.com www.example.com;
    # server_name *.example.com;
    # server_name ~^www\d+\.example\.com$;

    # 网站根目录
    root /var/www/html;
    index index.html index.htm;

    # SSL配置
    ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/cert.pem;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/key.pem;
    ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
    ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;

    # 访问日志
    access_log /var/log/nginx/example.access.log;
    error_log /var/log/nginx/example.error.log;
}

# 精确匹配，优先级最高
location = / {
    return 200 "exact match";
}

# 前缀匹配，阻止正则检查
location ^~ /static/ {
    root /var/www;
}

# 区分大小写的正则匹配
location ~ \.(jpg|png|gif)$ {
    root /var/www/images;
}

# 不区分大小写的正则匹配
location ~* \.(JPG|PNG|GIF)$ {
    root /var/www/images;
}

# 普通前缀匹配
location /api/ {
    proxy_pass http://backend;
}

# 通用匹配（兜底）
location / {
    root /usr/share/nginx/html;
    index index.html;
}

location /app/ {
    # 设置根目录
    root /var/www;  # 实际路径：/var/www/app/

    # 别名（替换location路径）
    alias /var/www/application/;  # 实际路径：/var/www/application/

    # 按顺序检查文件是否存在
    try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;

    # 自定义错误页面
    error_page 404 /404.html;
    error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;

    # 限制HTTP方法
    limit_except GET POST {
        deny all;
    }

    # 限制访问速率
    limit_rate 500k;
}

location /api/ {
    # 代理到后端服务器
    proxy_pass http://backend_server;

    # 传递原始请求头
    proxy_set_header Host $host;
    proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;

    # 超时设置
    proxy_connect_timeout 60s;
    proxy_send_timeout 60s;
    proxy_read_timeout 60s;

    # 缓冲设置
    proxy_buffering on;
    proxy_buffer_size 4k;
    proxy_buffers 8 4k;

    # WebSocket支持
    proxy_http_version 1.1;
    proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
    proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";
}

# upstream块定义后端服务器组
upstream backend {
    # 负载均衡策略：
    # 1. 轮询（默认）
    # 2. weight - 加权轮询
    # 3. ip_hash - 根据客户端IP分配
    # 4. least_conn - 最少连接数
    # 5. hash - 自定义hash键

    # 加权轮询
    server 192.168.1.101:8080 weight=3;
    server 192.168.1.102:8080 weight=1;
    server 192.168.1.103:8080 backup;  # 备份服务器
    server 192.168.1.104:8080 down;    # 标记为不可用

    # 健康检查参数
    server 192.168.1.105:8080 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;

    # 保持连接
    keepalive 32;
}

# IP Hash策略（解决session问题）
upstream backend_iphash {
    ip_hash;
    server 192.168.1.101:8080;
    server 192.168.1.102:8080;
}

# 最少连接策略
upstream backend_leastconn {
    least_conn;
    server 192.168.1.101:8080;
    server 192.168.1.102:8080;
}

# 使用upstream
server {
    listen 80;
    server_name example.com;

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://backend;
    }
}

# 定义缓存路径和参数
proxy_cache_path /var/cache/nginx
                 levels=1:2
                 keys_zone=my_cache:10m
                 max_size=1g
                 inactive=60m
                 use_temp_path=off;

server {
    location / {
        # 启用缓存
        proxy_cache my_cache;

        # 缓存状态码和时间
        proxy_cache_valid 200 304 10m;
        proxy_cache_valid 404 1m;

        # 缓存键
        proxy_cache_key "$scheme$request_method$host$request_uri";

        # 添加缓存状态头
        add_header X-Cache-Status $upstream_cache_status;

        # 绕过缓存条件
        proxy_cache_bypass $http_pragma $http_authorization;

        proxy_pass http://backend;
    }
}

location ~* \.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|ico|css|js)$ {
    root /var/www/static;

    # 过期时间
    expires 30d;

    # 添加缓存控制头
    add_header Cache-Control "public, immutable";

    # 访问日志关闭（提升性能）
    access_log off;

    # 文件描述符缓存
    open_file_cache max=1000 inactive=20s;
    open_file_cache_valid 30s;
    open_file_cache_min_uses 2;
    open_file_cache_errors on;
}

# nginx.conf
worker_processes auto;
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
worker_cpu_affinity auto;

events {
    worker_connections 4096;
    use epoll;
    multi_accept on;
}

http {
    # 启用高效文件传输
    sendfile on;
    tcp_nopush on;
    tcp_nodelay on;

    # 启用压缩
    gzip on;
    gzip_vary on;
    gzip_comp_level 6;
    gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/javascript;

    # 文件缓存
    open_file_cache max=10000 inactive=30s;
    open_file_cache_valid 60s;
    open_file_cache_min_uses 2;

    # 减少超时时间
    client_body_timeout 12;
    client_header_timeout 12;
    send_timeout 10;

    # 隐藏版本号（安全）
    server_tokens off;
}

http {
    # 隐藏版本号
    server_tokens off;

    # 限制请求方法
    if ($request_method !~ ^(GET|HEAD|POST)$ ) {
        return 405;
    }

    server {
        # 防止点击劫持
        add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN" always;

        # XSS防护
        add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff" always;
        add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block" always;

        # HTTPS强制跳转
        if ($scheme = http) {
            return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
        }

        # SSL安全配置
        ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
        ssl_ciphers 'ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256';

        # HSTS（HTTP严格传输安全）
        add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains" always;

        # 限制请求速率（防DDoS）
        limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=one:10m rate=1r/s;
        limit_req zone=one burst=5;
    }
}

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name app.example.com;
    root /var/www/app/dist;
    index index.html;

    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
    }

    location /api {
        proxy_pass http://backend;
    }

    location ~* \.(js|css|png|jpg|jpeg|gif|ico|svg)$ {
        expires 1y;
        add_header Cache-Control "public, immutable";
    }
}

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name php.example.com;
    root /var/www/php;
    index index.php index.html;

    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
    }

    location ~ \.php$ {
        fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php-fpm.sock;
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include fastcgi_params;
    }

    location ~ /\. {
        deny all;
    }
}